The Krampus, double demonic of San NicolΓ²

On 5 December, in some areas of Austria, southern Germany (Bavaria), north-eastern Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige and Friuli-Venezia Giulia), Croatia, Slovenia and Hungary, traditional processions of the Krampus, double obscure of San NicolΓ², ritual remnant of the β€œPerchten” (winter masked parades that date back to pre-Christian Alpine traditions). In this article we analyze the folkloric roots of the anniversary and its iconographic rediscovery at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.